Concrete Slab
Slab are constructed to provide flat surfaces, usually horizontal in building floors, roof, bridges and other types of structures.Basically a slab is a structural element, usually made up of reinforced concrete.The slab are usually constructed monolithically with the beams. Concrete slab is a very common and important structural element are constructed to provide flat, useful surfaces.It is a horizontal structural components, with top and bottom surface parallel.
Types Of Concrete Slabs
- Conventional Slab
- Flat Slab
- Hollow Core Slab
- Hardy Slab
- Waffle Slab
- Dome Slab
- Pitch Slab
- Slab with Arches
- Post Tension Slab
- Pre Tension Slab
- Cable Suspension Slab
- Sunken Slab
- Projected Slab
- Low Roof Slab
- Miscellaneous Slab
1. Conventional Slab
There are two types of Conventional slabs based on length and breadth, they are:
- One-way slab
- Two-way slab
A. One-way Slab
One way slab is supported by beam on the two opposite sides to carry the load along one direction.In one way slab the ratio of longer span (l) to shorter span (b) is equal or greater than 2.
i.e Longer span (l)/ Shorter span (b) ≥ 2.
In this type of slab the main reinforcement bar will be provided in the shorter span where as the distribution bars will be provided in the longer span for the load distribution.
B. Two-way Slab
Two way slab is supported by beams on all the four sides and the loads are carried by the supports along with both directions, it is known as two way slab.In two way slab, the ratio of longer span (l) to shorter span (b) is less than 2.
i.e Longer span (l)/ Shorter span (b)﹤2.
In this type of slab the length and breadth of the slab are more than 4 m.To resist the formation of stresses distribution bars are provided at both the ends in two way slab.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/conventional-slab/
2. Flat Slab
Flat slab is a reinforced concrete slab supported directly by concrete columns or caps.Flat slab doesn’t have beam so it is also called a beam-less slab.Flat slab is defined as one sided or two-sided support system with sheer load of the slab being concentrated on the supporting columns and square slab called drop panels.
Types Of Flat Slab
- Flat slab with drop panel.
- Flat slab with column head.
- Flat slab with drop panel and column head.
- Flat slab without drop panel and column head.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/flat-slab/
3. Hollow Core Slab
Hollow core slab is also know as a voided slab, hollow core plank or simply a concrete plank is a precast slab of prestressed concrete concrete typically used in the construction of floor in multi-story apartment buildings.In hollow core slab the main function of core is to maximizing structural efficiency, reduce the self weight of slabs and work as a service ducts.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/27/hollow-core-slab/
4. Hardy Slab
Hardy slab is a type of concrete slab constructed by hardy bricks.Hardy bricks are hollow bricks and it is made up of concrete hollow blocks.These blocks are used to fill portions of the slab.Hardy slabs reduce the amount of concrete in the slab and also its own weight of the slab is also reduced.This types of slab has a more thickness 2.27 m when compared with conventional one.The method of installing hardy slab is different from normal slab.The application of hardy slab are generally seen in Dubai and China.
Types Of Hardy Slab
- One-way Hardy Slab
- Two-way Hardy Slab
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/23/hardy-slab-types-advantages/
5. Waffle Slab
Waffle slab is a reinforced concrete roof or floor containing square grids with deep sides and it is also called as grid slabs.The name waffle comes from the grid pattern created by the reinforcing ribs.Waffle slabs are preferred for spans greater than 40 feet (12 m), as they are much stronger than flat slabs, flat slabs with drop panels, two-way slabs, one-way slabs and one-way joist slabs.A waffle slabs are provide stiffer and lighter slabs than an equivalent flat slab.The speed of construction of waffle slab is faster than conventional slab.It is also light weight slab and uses 30% less concrete and 20% less steel than a raft slab..
Types Of Waffle Slab
- Square Pod System
- Triangular Pod System
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/23/waffle-slab-types-advantages/
6. Dome Slab
Dome slab is a semi circular shape of slab generally constructed in mosques, temples, palaces etc.The dome shape is high on visual impact and is most cases is both strong and durable.The dome slab was widely used in ancient Rome, especially in large public buildings.The thickness of done is 0.15 m.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/23/dome-slab/
7. Pitch Roof Slab
The pitch roof is an inclined slab that slopes downwards.The pitch of a roof is its vertical ‘rise’ over its horizontal ‘span’.Pitch roof is an inclined slab, generally constructed on resorts for a natural look.In pitch roof slab Tile sheets are used to reduced the weight of the roof.This weight saving reduced the timber or steel structural requirements resulting in significant cost saving.The thickness of pitch roof slab depends upon the tiles which we useing it may be 2″ – 8″. This is one of the types of concrete slabs.
Types Of Pitch Roof Slab
- Collar Roof
- Couple Roof
- Purlin Roof
- Mono Pitch Roof
- Closed Couple Roof
- Modern Truss Roof
- King Post Truss Roof
- Mansard Roof with King/Queen Post
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/23/pitch-roof-types-advantages/
8. Slab With Arches
Slab with arches is a vertical curved structure that spans an elevated space and may or may not support the weight above it.An arch is a pure compression form.It can span a large area by resolving forces into compressive stresses, and thereby elimating tensile stresses.This is sometime denominated “arch action”.As the fources in the arch are transferred to its base, the arch pushes outward at its base, denominated “thrust”.In order to preserve arch action and prevent collapse of the arch, the thrust must be restrained, either by internal ties or external bracing, such as abutments.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/23/slab-with-arches-advantages-and-disadvantages/
9. Post Tension Slab
Post tension slab is a combination of conventional slab reinforcement and additional protruding high-strength steel tendons, which are consequently subjected to tension after the concrete has set.The basic element of a post tensioning system is called a tendon.A post tensioning tendon is made up of one or more pieces of prestressing steel, coated with a protective coating.
When concrete slab is stressed by the post tensioning method, it means the steel is being tensioned and the concrete is being compressed.Compression is a force that squeezes or crushes and tension is a force that pulls something apart.In concrete structures, this is achieved by placing high-tensile steel tendons/cables….
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/14/post-tension-slab/
10. Pre Tensioning Slab
In Pre tensioning slab, the steel tendons are tensioned before the concrete is cast.In pre tensioning slab the tendons are temporarily anchored against some abutments and then cut or released after the concrete has been placed and hardened.The pre-stressing force is transferred to this concrete by the bond along the length of the tendon.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/14/pre-tensioning-slab/
11. Cable Suspension Slab
A cable suspension slab is a type of slab in which the slab deck is hung below the suspension cables on vertical suspenders.This type of slab has cable suspended between towers, with vertical suspender cables that transfer the live load and dead load below to the slab deck.
The suspension cable must be anchored at each end of the bridge since any load applied to the bridge is transformed into a tension in these main cables.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/14/cable-suspension-slab/
12. Sunken Slab
The sunken slab is a type of slab which is provided to maintain architectural design in areas where drainage system or pipe are installed below the floor such as in washroom as well as in laundry areas. The sunken slab is provided below the normal level at a depth of 200 mm to 300 mm and are filled with coal or broken pieces of bricks.
For detail study visit below link:
https://civilsnap.wordpress.com/2020/09/14/sunken-slab/
13. Projected Slab
The slab which has one side fixed and other side is free is called projected slab.These types of slab are generally constructed Universities, function halls, hotels etc.
14. Low Roof Slab
Low roof slab is a type of concrete slab which is provided above the door for storage purpose.These types of slab are open at one end and closed at the remaining ends.These types of slab are used in houses and it lies above the door sill level.
15. Miscellaneous Slab
Loft or Room Chajja
A loft is an upper story or attic in a building, directly under the roof or just a storage space under the roof usually accessed by a ladder.This kind of loft or room chajja is provided in kitchen and in drawing room for storing house materials.Loft or room chajja is provided at lintel level just above the door side.This is one of the type of concrete slabs.
Kitchen Slab
The slab which is provided in the kitchen for its platform is called kitchen slab or countertop. The kitchen slab are constructed for placing stove and other kitchen materials.The thickness of slab is 2 inches and the breadth of the slab is 0.5 m.The kitchen slab or countertop is constructed of various materials with different attributes of functionality, durability and aesthetics.Some of the common countertop materials are natural stones, wood, metals, concrete etc.
Sun Shade
The slab which is provided outside of the building above the doors and windows are called sun shade slab.The main purpose of providing these slab is to stops the rain to come inside the building and stop the direct sunlight.This is one of the types of concrete slabs.
CIVIL SNAP 